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The particle displacements are greatest at the
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The particle motion of this wave isĬonfined to a vertical plane containing the direction of propagation and
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These waves involveĬompression and rarefaction of the material as the wave passes through is but Waves due to particle compression during their transport. These waves are also called longitudinal waves or compressional Waves are reflected and transmitted at interfaces where seismic velocity and/orĭensity change, and they obey Snell's law. Waves are seismic waves that travel through the body of the earth. Two different types wave produced by an earthquake : body waves and surface Units of elastic modulus are the same as pressure – i.e. Ratio of these quantities is the rigidity modulus (G): When deforming a solid state by simple shear,Ī shear strain (γ) is induced by applying a shear stress, σ. The bulk modulus is a measure of the incompressibility of the The original volume (V 0) change to final volume (V F) whenĬompared to the pressure change is called bulk Linear relationship between applied stress, σ, and resulting strain εĮ is the constant of proportionality called an elastic modulus.ĭeformation – uniform compression or expansion, and shear deformation: Manner and speed of seismic waves travel through material is controlled by Is the behavior of a material that when subjected to a stress (force/area), deforms and changes shape ( strain), but returns to original shape Or if wavelength and frequency are known: Wavefront takes to reach a known distance is recorded: Which the wavefront (or ripple crest) travel can be detected if the time the Seismic waves or repetitions in a given unit of time is called frequency (f). Waves to pass a reference point or the motion to complete one cycle. Period (T) is the time it takes for two successive Wavelength is the distance between successive crest.ĭisplacement of the particle motions, or the height of the ripple crest. Is some basic terminology and physics that describe the various aspects of waveīetween two adjacent points on the wave that have similar displacements, one Pivot to constrain the mass to move in an up and down direction only. A spring isĪttached to the mass which is connected to a rod. Spring-mounted seismograph records the vertical ground motion. The mass to move in the horizontal direction only. The Earth by means of a pendulum and a pivot is attached to a rod to constrain Pendulum-mounted seismograph records horizontal motion. Information is then used to determine earthquake locations, the subsurface Earthquake seismology is the best tool toĮarthquake or explosion occurs, part of the energy released is as elastic wavesĪre then detected and recorded by seismograms, which measure, amplify